Analyses of energy efficiency obligations and alternative systems

Denmark | April 2013 - September 2013

Ea Energy Analyses has conducted an analysis of selected energy efficiency obligations (EEOs) and alternative policy instruments aimed at furthering energy efficiency.

The purpose of the analysis was to gather information and lessons learned in order to form a basis for reflections on the current aim, structure, and costs of the Danish EEO and the role of the Danish energy companies in the pursuit of energy efficiency. Five systems relevant to the Denmark were selected as case examples and compared to key benchmarks for the Danish EEO (i.e. cost-effectiveness, market orientation, scope, and flexibility of the administration).

The aim of the analysis was to identify 1) the reasons for the design choices made, 2) what topical discussions dominate the continued development of the instruments, and 3) what are the expected consequences of the implementation of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive, in particular article 7.

The reviewed cases are:

  • Energy efficiency funding instruments
    • KfW funding for building energy efficiency, Germany
    • Energy Efficiency Vermont, USA
  • Energy efficiency obligation system
    • Carbon emissions reduction target (CERT) 2008-2012, United Kingdom
  • White certificate systems
    • Titoli de Efficienza Energetica (TEE), Italy
    • White certificate system, Poland